It
induces spiritual visions and gives hope to people with "incurable'
diseases
Preparation for the Ayahuasca Experience
by Howard G
Charing
General
Information about Ayahuasca
After being
virtually ignored by Western civilization for centuries, there has
been a huge surge of interest in Ayahuasca recently. There is a
growing belief that it is a kind of 'medicine for our times', giving
hope to people with 'incurable' diseases like cancer and HIV, drug
addictions and inspiring answers to the big ecological problems of
modern civilization.
Spirituality
is at the centre of the Ayahuasca experience. Purification and
cleansing of body, mind, and spirit in a shamanic ceremony can be
the beginning of a process of profound personal and spiritual
discovery and transformation. This process can continue indefinitely
even if one never drinks Ayahuasca again. One thing is sure, and
that is that every person gets a unique experience. We believe that
by seriously looking at the way Ayahuasca is used we can improve our
life experience and benefit more from this medicine.
Ayahuasca is
the jungle medicine of the upper Amazon. It is made from the
ayahuasca vine (Banisteriopsis Caapi) and the leaf of the Chacruna
plant (Psychotria Viridis). The two make a potent medicine, which
takes one into the visionary world. The vine is an inhibitor, which
contains harmala and harmaline among other alkaloids, and the leaf
contains vision-inducing alkaloids. As with all natural medicines,
it is a mixture of many alkaloids that makes their unique
properties. For example, Peyote, the cactus used by the North Native
Americans, is said to contain 32 active alkaloids, so when one of
those alkaloids, mescaline (LSD) is synthesised in a laboratory,
contrary to popular opinion, the result is not at all the same.
The oldest
know object related to the use of ayahuasca is a ceremonial cup,
hewn out of stone, with engraved ornamentation, which was found in
the Pastaza culture of the Ecuadorian Amazon from 500 B.C. to 50
A.D. It is deposited in the collection of the Ethnological Museum of
the Central University (Quito, Ecuador). This indicates that
ayahuasca potions were known and used at least 2,500 years ago.
Ayahuasca is a
name derived from two Quechua words: aya means spirit, ancestor,
deceased person, and huasca means vine or rope, hence it is known as
vine of the dead or vine of the soul. It is also known by many other
local names including yaje, caapi, natema, pinde, daime, mihi, &
dapa. It plays a central role in the spiritual, religious and
cultural traditions of the Indigenous and Mestizo (mixed blood)
peoples of the upper Amazon, Orinoco plains and the Pacific coast of
Colombia and Ecuador.
The plants are
collected from the rainforest in a sacred way and it is said that a
shaman can find plentiful sources of the vine by listening for the
'drumbeat' that emanates from them. The mixture is prepared by
cutting the vines to cookable lengths, scraping and cleaning them,
pounding them into a pulp. Meanwhile the Chacruna leaves and picked
and cleaned.
So what,
perhaps, is the advantage of ayahuasca over other disciplines? In
the words of Padrino Alex Polari de Alverga of the Santo Daime
Community in Brazil, "Daime (ayahuasca) is basically a shortcut,
it's as if we had been travelling down the same highway as the rest
of humanity, but then, in order to arrive at our destination more
quickly we took a side road. When taking such a shortcut, however,
we must be very careful and clear-minded. It is a shortcut that
leads us to truth, but only if we follow in the footsteps of the
Masters who have preceded us."
Medicines like
ayahuasca can help us along our path but we still have to do the
work ourselves. My experience is that these kind of allies can help
us open the doors of perception, but what we do when we get there is
entirely our own challenge.
To understand
ayahuasca in the local context, one cannot avoid taking a look at
the ecological environment, such as the forest, cultural environment
and indigenous cultures. This has structured the cultural content of
ayahuasca.
There are many
legends and myths about ayahuasca, one the more romantic is from the
Shipibo people who live up the river in the heart of the jungle in
the Peruvian Amazon.
This tale is
centered around women, more so than men, as they look after the
children and their health, whilst the men are out hunting and
fishing. Men are more interested in plants that aid their inner
spirits whilst hunting. Women are more interested in plants that
will allow their children to grow.
There was one
particular woman who was very interested in plants, who liked to
pick the leaves of different plants. She would then crush the leaves
into a pot and soak them in water over night. She would then take a
bath every morning before sunrise (the way to find out about various
plants and their effects is to bathe in them). She bathed in them
every morning until she had a dream. In her dream a woman came and
said, "why are you bathing every day?"
She answered,
"I am doing this as I want you to teach me." The other woman said,
"You must seek out my uncle, his name is Kamarampi. I will show you
where to find him". The woman led the other woman to her uncle. The
uncle showed her how to mix the leaves of the chacruna, which was a
bush she had taken leaves from to bathe in. He showed her how to
prepare the brew of Ayahuasca, he told her to go and tell the people
the knowledge of how to use the brew. The Indigenous people past and
present have taken Ayahuasca to enable them to focus on other
dimensions. One example: - To enable them to be more successful on a
hunting trip they would contact the Mother spirit of certain
species, through the Ayahuasca. The hunt would be more successful.
One of the
many mysteries surrounding Ayahuasca is how the vine became to be
used with the Chacruna leaves as although they both come from the
same soil but always grow apart otherwise the ayahuasca winds around
the Chacruna and kills it. No one knows this but we get a clue from
how the shamans interact with the plant. Javier Arevalo a shaman
from the Peruvian Amazon told us " in the old days his grandfather
and uncles used to sit around after taking ayahuasca and he said
that ayahuasca was originally taken alone and in the visions they
saw that Chacruna was missing. Ayahuasca would say I am the doctor
that gives the vision. His grandfather responded, how can we find
this plant? The response in the vision was, you can find it by
turning two corners. So they went around two corners and found a
bush which attracted them which was Chacruna i.e. the ayahuasca
showed them.
This is a
fundamental principle, in the visions it is the spirit doctor of
ayahuasca which tells them what is wrong with their patient, what
medicine they need, or who has caused the illness or malaise.
The Icaros
Integral to
the ceremony are the chants that the shaman sings. These are known
as Icaros, and the chant will direct the nature of the ceremony or
visionary experience for the group and for individuals as the shaman
during the ceremony will chant specific Icaros for that person's
needs.
The words of
the chants are symbolic stories telling of the ability of nature to
heal itself. For example the crystalline waters from a stream wash
the unwell person, while coloured flowers attract the hummingbirds
whose delicate wings fan healing energies etc. You might see such
things in your visions but the essence which cures you is perhaps
more likely to be the understanding of what is happening in your
life, allowing inner feelings to unblock so that bitterness and
anger con change to ecstasy and love. To awaken from the 'illusion
of being alive' is to experience life itself.
There are
several different kinds of Icaros, at the beginning of the session.
Their purpose is to provoke the mareacion or effects, and, in the
words of Javier Arevalo, 'to render the mind susceptible for visions
to penetrate, then the curtains can open for the start of the
theatre'.
Other Icaros
call the spirit of Ayahuasca to open visions 'as though exposing the
optic nerve to light'. Alternatively, if the visions are too strong,
the same spirit can be made to fly away in order to bring the person
back to normality.
There are
Icaros for calling the 'doctors', or plant spirits, for healing,
while other Icaros call animal spirits, which protect and rid
patients of spells.
Healing Icaros
may be for specific conditions like manchare, which a child may
suffer when it gets a fright. The spirit of a child is not so fixed
in its body as that of an adult, therefore a small fall can easily
cause it to fly. Manchare is a common reason for taking children to
ayahuasca sessions.
Preparation for
the Ayahuasca Experience
In the West
there are lots of stories like 'Jack and the Beanstalk' reminding us
that plants have spirit power, Alice in Wonderland explored this
world too. There is a large body of knowledge of power plants even
if the form has been adapted to fairy tales and 'domesticated', not
to under rate the richness of Grimms' tales.
When a person
drinks Ayahuasca, especially with a trusted shaman, there is a
chance to learn and trust the plant. You discover that it works in
its own way. It is a great moment getting to this point. Then there
is the question of whether the plant trusts us, because it can be
abused and used for getting the wrong kind of personal power.
Without intention, vision, preparation, and a shaman, it is a drug
not a healing medicine.
A major
difficulty for Westerners is the diet and the living conditions in
the rainforest. There is also the care clients need afterwards, as
one is extremely vulnerable after drinking Ayahuasca. Also some of
our attitudes need to change, for example some people find vomiting
unpleasant.
In the
Ayahuasca ceremony purgative cleansing of the physical body is an
essential preparation for the new level of emerging consciousness.
Vomiting and occasionally brief diarrhoea are common effects during
the initial sessions.
The Shaman's Diet
An integral
element of this preparation is to undertake a diet intended to
reduce excessive sugar, salt, oils, pork, fat, and spicy food in the
body in preparation to be in communion with the spirit of Ayahuasca.
Reduction of these should commence as soon as one commits to the
experience.
Pork in
particular is considered to be impure and is studiously avoided by
Ayahuasca practitioners. Complete abstinence from pork and lard for
at least two weeks prior to the first ceremony is recommended to
participants to reduce the impact of the purge. It is also
recommended that this abstinence continue for at least two weeks
after the final ceremony.
In the
initiatory diet for those seeking personal cleansing and healing,
chicken, fish, wild game meat, fruits, and vegetables may be eaten
but with little if any salt, sugar, oils or spices. The cleansing
effect and strength of the visionary experience can be greatly
enriched by one's commitment to these preparations.
Sexual
abstinence also forms part of the diet and is a traditional
requirement of Ayahuasca cleansing and healing. We recommend
abstinence from sexual activity for a few days prior to the
ceremony, and to continue a day or two after the last ceremony.
As all
Amazonian shamans will tell you, and in the words of Dona Cotrina "
Sex is bad. The 'mother plant' loves you and if you make love to
another person, you are being unfaithful to her". For this reason it
is often said that Ayahuasca is jealous, and if you do not respect
her, she makes you ill instead of healing you. You will also not be
able to see any visions. The ill effects from not respecting the
diet are called cutipa and range from a sense of trauma and stress
to skin problems.
Menstrual cycle.
This is a
complex issue in the Amazonian tradition. Basically women in their
menstrual cycle are not permitted by Amazonian shamans and
curanderos to be present in the preparation of the brew, drink
Ayahuasca or attend the ceremonies. This is an ancient tradition
rooted mainly in safety considerations rather than sexism, as female
shamans in the Amazon also follow these prohibitions.
Some shamans
say the presence of a woman in menstrual flow prevents them from
"seeing" the causes of illness among those present in the ceremony,
thus obstructing their ability to make diagnoses and facilitate
healing.
Although
Eagle's Wing are unable to make any exception as this rule is
observed by shamans in the Ayahuasca tradition, our experience is
that shamans have a degree of flexibility and can perform a special
chacapa session with participants to address this.
Medical
Precautions
It is
important to know that, in some cases, the consumption of Ayahuasca
in combination with some groups of prescription & non-prescription
medicines can bear health risks.
1.
Prescription Medicines If you are taking prescription medication
(including antibiotics), are subject to high blood pressure, have a
heart condition, or are under treatment for any health condition),
please consult your GP.
1.1 Anti-depressants
Ayahuasca (Banisteriopsis Caapi) contains MAOI's (monoamine oxidase
inhibitors) generally in the form of harmine and harmaline therefore
Medical consultation is essential if you are taking Prozac or other
antidepressants affecting serotonin levels, i.e. serotonin selective
re-uptake inhibitors (SSRI).
SSRI's block
the reuptake of serotonin in the brain and because MAOI's inhibit
breakdown of serotonin, the combination of MAOI's and SSRI's can
lead to too high levels of serotonin in the brain. SSRI's are much
more common than MAOI's which are found in some anti-depressants.
Consult your GP about the use of temporary monoamine oxidase
inhibitors (MAOI).
These
medications generally require a period of six to eight weeks to
completely clear the system and must be reduced gradually.
2.
Non-Prescription Medicines Non-prescription medications such as
antihistamines, dietary aids, amphetamines and derivatives, and some
natural herbal medicines, i.e. those containing ephedrine, high
levels of caffeine, or other stimulants, may also cause adverse
reactions. We recommend that you discontinue all such medications,
drugs, and herbs for at least one week prior to and following work
with Ayahuasca.
3.
Recreational Drugs Avoid all recreational drugs, in particular MDMA
(Ecstasy), cocaine, heroin. Also do not drink alcohol on the day of
the ceremony.
4. Herbal
Remedies Use of herbal remedies for depression such as St John's
Wort (which also influence the serotonin levels) need to be
discontinued as per 2 above.
About the
author: Howard G. Charing, is an accomplished international workshop
leader on shamanism. He has worked some of the most respected and
extraordinary shamans & healers in the Andes, the Amazon Rainforest,
and the Philippines. He is the author of the best selling book,
Plant Spirit Shamanism (Destiny Books USA), and has published
numerous articles about plant medicines. Website
http://www.shamanism.co.uk
Ayahuasca
vine, leaves and retreats with shaman
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